engleski

Effect of maternal and offspring diet on surface area and number of white adipose tissue adipocytes in male rat offspring

Introduction: In mammals, adipose tissue can be divided in two main types, white and brown, the white adipose tissue being predominant in the body and specialized to store energy. To be able to adapt to an excessive supply of energy, adipose tissue expansion can occur through several ways: 1) an enlargement in adipocyte size (hyperthrophy) and/or an increase in adipocyte number (hyperplasia), 2) infiltration of inflammatory cells, 3) remodeling of the vasculature and extracellular matrix. But when the state of inflammation and obesity is continuous, homeostatic mechanisms fail, causing tissue dysfunction. Materials & Methods: Ten female Sprague-Dawley rats, 9 weeks old, were randomly divided in two groups and fed either standard laboratory chow or food rich in saturated fatty acids during five weeks, and then mated with genetically similar male rats. After birth and lactation, male rat offspring from both groups were divided into four subgroups, depending on the diet they were fed until 22 weeks of age. After sacrifice, samples of white adipose tissue were taken from subcutaneous compartment and two compartments of visceral fat: epidydimal and perirenal. Tissue sections were formalin-fixed, paraffin- embedded, cut, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, digital images were obtained and hystomorphometric analysis was conducted using the CellProfiler program v.2.1.1. Results: Greater mean surface area of subcutaneous and epidydimal adipocytes was found in groups with male rat offspring with altered pre- and postnatal diet compared with groups whose diet was not changed. Those groups had accordingly smaller adipocyte number. In visceral adipose tissue the smallest mean adipocyte surface area and the highest number of adipocytes were measured in the group where both mother and offspring were fed a diet rich in saturated fatty acids. Conclusion: Changed postnatal diet leads to adipocyte hyperplasia in subcutaneous and epidydimal adipose tissue, and high-fat diet leads to adipocyte hyperplasia in perirenal white adipose tissue.

High-Fat-Diet ; Adipose Tissue ; Histomorphometry ; Rats

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