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Radiographic and pathologic pattern of canine primary lung tumors

Primary lung tumors (PLT) are relatively rare tumors in dogs. They usually occur as a solitary mass in the lungs of older dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of PLT and to compare radiographic with pathological findings. Five mixed breed dogs and one Bernese Mountain Dog were necropsied at the Veterinary Faculty, University of Zagreb between July 2015 and September 2016, with the diagnosis of PLT. Gross examination was performed, and tissue was sampled for histopathological examination. Clinical manifestations were mostly a cough and dyspnea, so thoracic radiographic imaging was undertaken, using dorso-ventral and lateral projections. The longest time interval between radiographic imaging and necropsy was two months. In four cases, necropsy and radiography revealed a neoplasm as a large solitary mass (> 2cm) at the periphery of caudal lung lobe (3/4), or the cranial lung lobe (1/4). In one case, there was a solitary mass at the hilum of the lung, with no radiographic evidence of the mass due to massive pleural effusion. Also, the diffuse pattern of a tumor was revealed in one dog, and pulmonary metastases were suspected radiographically. Bronchoalveolar carcinoma was the most common diagnosis (3/6). Likewise, papillary adenocarcinoma (1/6) and anaplastic (undifferentiated) carcinoma (1/6) were determined. In one dog, histopathology was not performed due to autolysis. In conclusion, the later stages of PLT correlate with the presence of clinical signs, and radiographic detection is possible in most of the cases due to the large size of the tumor. However, gross examination with histopathological analysis is the diagnostic gold standard for canine PLT.

primary lung tumors, canine

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