hrvatski

Povezanost govora i pokreta u dječjem razvoju

Čovjeku je pokret urođen i prirodan a dokaz je tomu već ultrazvučna snimka nerođenog djeteta. Slijed tipova pokreta zadani su nam kao vrsti i svako odstupanje od pravila naznaka je problema kako na globalnoj motoričkoj razini tako i na razini fine motorike. Osobe rođene s poteškoćama u razvoju prema svojim će individualnim mogućnostima također slijediti neke opće odrednice u svladavanju pokreta u prostoru. Čovjekovi su pokreti, baš kao i cijeli život, određeni različitim ritmovima – od rada srca, dana i noći godišnjih doba, govora, hoda itd. Pokret u mnogočemu dijeli svojstva govora – prirodan je, afektivan, određenog trajanja, stupnja složenosti itd. Stupnjevitost razvoja pokreta jednako je strogo određena i u razvoju govornih obrazaca. Sprega pokreta i govora od najranijeg je djetinjstva vidljiva u igri koja je u najranijim fazama prostorna, kao govor i pokret. Upravo korištenje prostornosti na specifičan način dat će pokretu određenu emocionalnu karakteristiku a u govoru će kasnije podrazumijevati neke emocionalne ili društvene odnose. Povezanost pokreta i govora nastala u dječjoj dobi temelj je za razumijevanje metafora u jeziku i govoru odrasle. Pokret, osim što implicira neverbalno pamćenje, pogoduje onom verbalnom te na taj način olakšava učenje. Upravo zato što je pokret kroz prostor toliko prisutan i prijeko potreban u razvoju i kasnijoj uporabi govora valja uvijek iznova preispitivati sve one vidove komunikacije u obrazovne i rehabilitacijske svrhe gdje se pokret i prostor svode na minimalnu mjeru a samom verbalnom govoru daje apsolutna prednost pri prijenosu informacija, učenju i rehabilitacijskim postupcima. Movement is inhereted and natural to a human and the proof can be seen as early as on ultrasound pictures of a preborn child. The sequences of different movements are determined for human species and every deviation from the rule is a predictor of problems both on global motoric level and in fine motoric skills. Even people born with specific difficulties in development will follow determined rules in development of movements according to person’s own abilities. Human movements, as well as human life, are determined by different rhythms – of heart rate, days and nights, season change, heart rate, speech, walk etc. Greater corporal movement and speech share a number of characteristics - they are both natural, affective, of certain duration and difficulty level, etc. The predicted order of movements during child development is strictly determined for both gross motor skills and speech micromovements. The link between gross motor skills and micromovements can be seen from very early childhood during playtime because space is always engaged, just as in corporal movement and speech. Usage of space will enrich movement with certain emotional characteristics. The same usage of space in speech will determine some emotional or social relations. Link between speech and movement established during childhood is the basis of understanding the meaning of metaphors in language and speech of adult person. Movement, besides implying non-verbal memory, helps verbal memory and therefore facilitates learning. Having seen how involved movement is in speech development and usage in later stages of human life, it is necessary to reevaluate every type of communication used in educational or rehabilitation purposes that stands in opposition with movement or minimally engages it.

govor ; pokret ; prostor ; metafora ; verbotonalna metoda

Both versions (Croatian and English) of this paper are published in the same book.

engleski

Connection of speech and movement in child development

Čovjeku je pokret urođen i prirodan a dokaz je tomu već ultrazvučna snimka nerođenog djeteta. Slijed tipova pokreta zadani su nam kao vrsti i svako odstupanje od pravila naznaka je problema kako na globalnoj motoričkoj razini tako i na razini fine motorike. Osobe rođene s poteškoćama u razvoju prema svojim će individualnim mogućnostima također slijediti neke opće odrednice u svladavanju pokreta u prostoru. Čovjekovi su pokreti, baš kao i cijeli život, određeni različitim ritmovima – od rada srca, dana i noći godišnjih doba, govora, hoda itd. Pokret u mnogočemu dijeli svojstva govora – prirodan je, afektivan, određenog trajanja, stupnja složenosti itd. Stupnjevitost razvoja pokreta jednako je strogo određena i u razvoju govornih obrazaca. Sprega pokreta i govora od najranijeg je djetinjstva vidljiva u igri koja je u najranijim fazama prostorna, kao govor i pokret. Upravo korištenje prostornosti na specifičan način dat će pokretu određenu emocionalnu karakteristiku a u govoru će kasnije podrazumijevati neke emocionalne ili društvene odnose. Povezanost pokreta i govora nastala u dječjoj dobi temelj je za razumijevanje metafora u jeziku i govoru odrasle. Pokret, osim što implicira neverbalno pamćenje, pogoduje onom verbalnom te na taj način olakšava učenje. Upravo zato što je pokret kroz prostor toliko prisutan i prijeko potreban u razvoju i kasnijoj uporabi govora valja uvijek iznova preispitivati sve one vidove komunikacije u obrazovne i rehabilitacijske svrhe gdje se pokret i prostor svode na minimalnu mjeru a samom verbalnom govoru daje apsolutna prednost pri prijenosu informacija, učenju i rehabilitacijskim postupcima. Movement is inhereted and natural to a human and the proof can be seen as early as on ultrasound pictures of a preborn child. The sequences of different movements are determined for human species and every deviation from the rule is a predictor of problems both on global motoric level and in fine motoric skills. Even people born with specific difficulties in development will follow determined rules in development of movements according to person’s own abilities. Human movements, as well as human life, are determined by different rhythms – of heart rate, days and nights, season change, heart rate, speech, walk etc. Greater corporal movement and speech share a number of characteristics - they are both natural, affective, of certain duration and difficulty level, etc. The predicted order of movements during child development is strictly determined for both gross motor skills and speech micromovements. The link between gross motor skills and micromovements can be seen from very early childhood during playtime because space is always engaged, just as in corporal movement and speech. Usage of space will enrich movement with certain emotional characteristics. The same usage of space in speech will determine some emotional or social relations. Link between speech and movement established during childhood is the basis of understanding the meaning of metaphors in language and speech of adult person. Movement, besides implying non-verbal memory, helps verbal memory and therefore facilitates learning. Having seen how involved movement is in speech development and usage in later stages of human life, it is necessary to reevaluate every type of communication used in educational or rehabilitation purposes that stands in opposition with movement or minimally engages it.

speech ; movement ; space ; metaphore ; verbotonal method

Both versions (Croatian and English) of this paper are published in the same book.