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Musicians of Jewish Origin in Northern Croatia before 1941 as Examples of Cultural Migration and Cultural Transfers within the Central-European Cultural Circle

History of Croatian music notes many musicians of different background whose arrival in northern Croatia in the nineteenth, and in the first half of the twentieth century, significantly contributed to the establishment and development of musical life of the land. Jewish people, as members of a nation of migration and diaspora resulting from the social and historical circumstances in the nineteenth-century Europe, have transferred knowledge and cultures of various Central European countries to northern Croatia. History of Croatian music notes musicians such as Antun Schwarz, the founder of the theatre orchestra before the arrival of Ivan Zajc, who returned to his hometown Zagreb after his studies in Vienna, thus transferring part of the Viennese cultural atmosphere to the Zagreb milieu. Julius Epstein, born in Zagreb, also known as a teacher of Gustav Mahler, established himself as a piano teacher in Vienna where he raised a new generation of pianists and musicians who transferred their “Viennese knowledge“ to the Zagreb piano school. A twentieth century pianist Antonija Geiger- Eichhorn, while studying with famous Leopold Godowski, held concerts from Prague to Vienna, Budapest to Zagreb, and with brilliant technique and distinct musicality transferred the legacy of one of the greatest role models of piano technique into Croatian music. Having settled in Zagreb, she taught piano and also raised a number of pianists and musicians. Focusing on musicians of Jewish origin this paper points out the paths of cultural migration from Central Europe to Croatia, and identifies type and form of cultural transfer within the Austro-Hungarian, Czech, and Croatian cultural circle.

musicians of Jewish origin, cultural migrations, cultural transfers

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