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Verbreitung und Biologie von Abutilon theophrasti Med. in Kroatien

Abutilon theophrasti Med. has been noted as an unstable ruderal plant for some localities in Croatia (Schlosser at Vukotinović, 1869, Rossi 1924). Since the 1980's it is an aggressive weed in maize in the eastern part of Croatia (Špoljarić 1982) and hence it spread to the western. During the last ten years it has been found in many crops as maize, soybean, sugar beet, potato, sunflower and onion. Its recent distribution is displayed on map 1 (MTB grid). In 1999. the population of A. theophrasti in maize in field condition in the northwestern part of Croatia (Dubravica, map 1.-0060) was investigated. According to phenological observations (Phenogram 1) A. theophrasti was present on field by the of April until November. Flower and seed production proceed until frost. Biological parameters such as density (6-12) plants/m2, height growth (211-281 cm), number (16-63) and leaf area (300,40-470, 65 cm2) per plant indicate on its great competitive ability. Seed production (2700-6530) per plant supports its maintenance and expansion for the time being and it could have long-term consequences for future weed infestations. The causes of lesions on the stems and predators of seeds for this moment are not known.

Abutilon theophrasti; Schonmalve; Kroatien; Verbreitung; Phanologie

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