engleski

The status of essential heavy metals, harmful elements and residues of pesticides in agricultural soils of eastern Croatia

The quality of agricultural soils is determined by the intensity of different factors, including the mainly positive effect of agrotechnical measures on the availability of essential elements. The anthropogenic effect, however, can result in the reduction of soil fertility, but also in degradation of soil quality by increasing the content of harmful elements and the accumulation of residues of pesticides. Therefore, the total concentrations of essential heavy metals and harmful elements were analyzed in 345 soil samples by extraction with aqua regia and available concentrations by extraction with EDTA. Low concentrations, less than maximum level (ML), were found in all analyzed soil samples. The mean concentrations of Cd were 0.34 mg / kg (range 0.09-0.97 mg / kg), Cr 44 mg / kg (28.5-68.9 mg / kg), Pb 15.4 mg / kg (9.5-36.7 mg / kg), Hg 0.04 mg / kg (0.01-0.47 mg / kg) and As 7.8 mg / kg (0.6- 18.1 mg / kg). Concentrations of essential heavy metals were also less than MDK, 63.5 mg / kg Zn (range 40.8- 114.9 mg / kg), 20.7 mg / kg Cu (10.2-43.2 mg / kg), 28.8 mg / kg Ni (16.0- 45.7 mg / kg) and 13.1 mg / kg Co with a range of 8.7- 21.7 mg / kg. In conclusion, analyzed soils are not polluted by harmful elements and represent significant potential for the production of high quality agricultural products. Also, residues of 52 active substances were analyzed in 40 soil samples and 30 samples of plant material including vegetables (paprika babura, paprika avis, feferon and cabbage) and grain samples (wheat, maize and soybean). The pesticide analysis in the samples was performed by the LC- MS / MS method. Concentrations of pesticides above ML are not measured in any sample and therefore can be concluded that agricultural producers use pesticides in accordance with good agricultural practice.

heavy metals ; micronutrients ; harmful elements ; pestcide residues

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