engleski

Grammatical underpinnings of lexicalization patterns in Croatian, English and French: the case of [N PP] constructions

Two processes typically associated with word- formation are derivation and compounding. This is especially common for analyses of morphologically rich languages such as Croatian, where various instances of multi-word units are considered to be highly idiomatic, ommited from overviews in grammars (e.g. Silić and Pranjković 2007) and generally viewed as belonging to the outskirts of the regular. In other languages, such as French or English, the relevance of multi-word units in structuring the lexicon has been studied to a greater extent. Booij (2009) discusses such instances under the term phrasal names, which he defines as types of phrases which share the naming function with complex words. One such pattern is the [N PP] construction, e.g. French moulin à poivre 'pepper mill'. There is little extant literature on the construction in Croatian, although generally authors view it as a grammatical phenomenon related to noun modification or complementation (Silić and Pranjković 2007, Petrović 2016), while Raffaelli (2015) emphasizes its tendency towards lexicalization. Thus the goal of this study is to analyze the dual nature of [N PP] construction in Croatian as a grammatical and lexical phenomenon in comparison to French, more studied with regards to this construction, and English, which uses compounds more extensively. Contrastively these languages thus show a cline between morphological and syntactic devices used in lexicalization, e.g. alergija na mačke 'cat allergy', strah od letenja 'fear of flying', brosse à dents 'toothbrush', maillot de bain 'swimsuit'. We analyze corpus data for four prepositions appearing in the [N PP] construction in Croatian, na:Acc/Loc 'on', za:Acc/Instr 'for', od:Gen 'from', s(a):Instr/Gen 'with/off of', e.g. lijek na recept:Acc 'prescription drug', odbojka na pijesku:Loc 'beach volleyball', četkica za zube:Acc 'toothbrush', pita od jabuka:Gen 'apple pie', osobe s invaliditetom:Instr 'disabled people', povrće sa žara:Gen 'grilled vegetables'. When compared to English and French, these examples can be viewed as emergent lexicalization patterns that demonstrate the interaction of grammatical and semantic processes in the building of the lexicon.

lexicalization patterns, constructions, prepositions, Croatian, English, French

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