engleski

Transformation of selected UV filters in chlorinated aqueous solutions

UV filters represent an important group of anthropogenic organic compounds appearing in swimming pool and marine bath waters due to human activity. Quite often they are treated as contaminants of emerging concern. Some of them may decompose when exposed to light by direct photolytic reactions or transform in the presence of chlorine and chlorinated medium (water pools, sea water). The formation of halogenated byproducts in chlorinated waters is inevitable, especially when UV filters possess phenolic and/or amino moieties. In this work we present our research, focused on synthesis, characterization and toxicity of transformation and degradation products of selected UV-A filters (i.e. benzophenones, dibenzoylmethanes) formed under disinfection conditions in presence of chlorine. Main products which are formed include different mono- and di-chlorinated products. Their structures were confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS2) with accurate mass measurements and by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Additionally, compounds have been characterized by independent synthesis and NMR analysis. Our results of toxicity assessment using different test organisms such as Vibrio fischeri, microalgae and daphnids have shown different sensitivity of testing organisms to the parent UV filters in comparison with chlorinated products as well as different toxicity for specific UV filter in comparison to the other UV filters groups.

UV filters ; chlorinated medium ; mass spectrometry

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