engleski

New approach in methodology for anthropological analysis of human spine pathology

Introduction. This research is focused on spine health in different time periods and the influence on everyday activities or life style. Etiology of pathological changes on the vertebral surfaces such as Schmorl’s nodes is still unclear. Schmorl’s nodes have been associated with mechanical injuries, genetic inheritance and traumas. Number of theories which are addressing their pathogenesis has been suggested, but up to now, no consensus exists. Goal. Research of pathological changes on spine - Schmorl's nodes - in order to define typology of Schmorl's nodes and their influence on clinical approach with new methodology for anthropological analysis. Methodology. In the period 3/2016 - 4/2017 an anthropological and statistical analysis of osteology material (human spine) have been conducted in the Department of Anthropology of the Hungarian Natural History Museum and in the National Heritage Protection Centre - Hungarian National Museum in Budapest on samples from Vác (18 century), Perkáta-Nyúli dűlő (14 century) and Gamhud (4-5 century) sites. 2540 vertebrae were examined and analyzed. Visual and microscopic method of determining the typology of Schmorl’s nodes was applied, whereby Schmorl’s node was divided into four types - A, B, C and D. Microscopes Olympus X 9 (ach 1x Japan) and software support for NIS-Elements D 3.0 were used. Comparative anthropological analysis was used with Digital Microscope Keyence VHX – 5000 Triple R in the Central Quality Lab - Continental Hungary. Results. Analysis and comparison showed the presence of all types of Schmorl’s hernia A-D on the vertebrae. Most frequent was Type B and Type D Schmorl’s nodule which is associated with the developed type hernia, pointing to strong mechanical loads of vertebrae through a short or long period of time caused by e.g. hard physical labor, the possible sudden movement under load, rotations of body, wearing the heavy equipment, etc. Conclusion. Determination of typology of Schmorl’s node as a new methodology allows identifying ways and a quality of life of individuals and can be a significant factor in identifying mechanically induced pathology vertebrae. Our observations, pointed at those new methodology in the analysis of pathological changes of the human spine samples, can help in predicting potential pathological changes which could be significant for clinical implementation.

human spine pathology, anthropological analysis, methodology

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