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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists decreases total and LDL cholesterol in obese type 2 diabetic patients

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are increasingly used in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In long-term clinical trials, therapy with GLP-1 receptor agonists has been associated with improvements in serum lipids. The aim of this study was to explore effects of exenatide and liraglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonists, on serum lipids (total, LDL, HDL- cholesterol and triglycerides). A total of 43 overweight T2DM on exenatide were included in this study and followed for 22 months (age 57±7 years, male /female 22/21, BMI 38±5 kg/m2, weight 114±18 kg, HbA1c 8.6±1, 2%, duration of diabetes 11±6 years). Forty-two patients on liraglutide were also included in this study. They were followed for 13 months (age 58±7 years, male/female 18/24, BMI 38±5 kg/m2, weight 111±21 kg, HbA1c 8.1±0, 9%, duration of diabetes 13±6 years). Treatment with exenatide caused a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol from 5.1±1.3 to 4.9±1.2 mmol/L (p=0.02), and LDL cholesterol from 3.0±1.1 to 2.6±0.8 mmol/L (p=0.01 mmol/L). Treatment with liraglutide also caused a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol from 4.8±1.2 to 4.2±0.8 mmol/L (p=0.001), and LDL cholesterol from 2.5±0.8 to 2.1±0.5 mmol/L (p=0.006). In addition, patients who were treated with exenatide significantly decreased HbA1c from 8.6±1.2 to 8.0±1.3% (p=0.01), BMI from 38±5 to 36±5 kg/m2 (p<0.001), weight from 114±18 to 106±18 kg (p<0.001), and waist circumference from 119±12 to 115±11 cm (p<0.001). Treatment with liraglutide caused a significant decrease in BMI from 38±5 to 36±6 kg/m2 (p<0.001), weight from 111±21 to 106±23 kg (p<0.001), and waist circumference from 120±14 to 114±15 cm (p=0.006), while HbA1c (from 8.1±0.9 to 8.0±1.3% (p=0.1)) did not significantly changed. The results of our study suggest that therapy with GLP-1 receptor agonists exenatide and liraglutide may significantly reduce serum total and LDL- cholesterol in obese T2DM.

type 2 diabetes ; exenatide ; liraglutide ; serum lipids ; total cholesterol ; LDL-cholesterol

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