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Influence of dietary lipids on the hepatic expression of genes for the β-oxidation of fatty acids in the rats with streptozotocin induced diabetes

Fatty acids found in the tissues originate from the food, de novo lipogenesis and bioconversion. Fatty acids generated de novo, as well as fatty acids derived from the food, are bioconverted by series of desaturation, elongation and β-oxidation steps into different saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. The regulation of bioconversion is complex and it involves induced expression by different metabolites (glucose), hormones (insulin) and transcriptional factors. Nutrition (substrate availability) and competition for rate-limiting enzymes as well as lipid oxidation and hormonal status, could substantially contribute or even override other regulatory mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the influence of dietary n6/n3 ratio on the expression of genes involved in the β-oxidation of fatty acids in the streptozotocin model of diabetes mellitus type 1. The rats were divided into 4 groups: CON (Control, n6:n3, 7:1), CON-STZ (n6:n3, 7:1 and STZ injection), N3 (n6:n3, 0.05 and STZ injection) and N6 (n6:n3, 60:1 and STZ injection). The RT-qPCR was performed using a One-Step SYBR PrimeScript RT-PCR Kit II, on a Stratagene MxPro3005 thermocycler. For statistical data analysis, GraphPad Prism 7.0 and MetaboAnalyst 3.0 were used. Data were compared by analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test. Mitochondrial β-oxidation, analysed by carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1) gene expression, was increased in the CON-STZ and N6 groups and decreased in the N3 group compared to the CON. Peroxisomal β-oxidation, analysed by D-bifunctional protein (D-BP) gene expression, was decreased in the N3 group compared to the CON, while the CON-STZ and N6 groups were not different in comparison to the CON group. The results showed that dietary lipids significantly influence mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation in streptozotocin treated rats. In diabetes mellitus type 1 significant changes are present in the fatty acid profile of different tissues. Therefore, it would be interesting to further examine how changes in gene expression caused by dietary manipulation influence actual fatty acid composition of tissues in diabetes mellitus type 1.

Diabetes ; fatty acids ; n6/n3 ratio

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