engleski

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF CARBON MASS CONCENTRATIONS IN CROATIA

The purpose of this study was to determine distribution of carbon mass concentrations in different types of environments in Croatia and to observe if carbon mass contributions to the overall PM10 mass, as well as elemental and organic mass concentrations change with the seasons of the year. The sampling sites were located at four different parts of Croatia and they were defined as:  site A - urban background site characterised with domestic heating and moderate traffic,  site B - semirural industrial site burdened with pollution which originated from wood used as fuel for cooking and space heating, as well as from the local wood pellet industry,  site C- rural site characterised with pollution which originated from wood used as fuel for cooking and space heating,  site D - rural background site characterised with pollution which originated from agriculture. 3 Samples of PM10 particle fraction were collected from approximately 55 m of ambient air on quartzfiber filters (Pall flex Tissuequartz 2500QAT UP, Pall Life Sciences), pre-fired at 900 °C for three hours. Sven Leckel LVS3 and Sven Leckel Sequential Sampler SEQ47/50 (Sven Leck Inginierbüro, Berlin, Germany) reference samplers were used for sample collection and PM10 mass concentrations were determined gravimetrically according to the HRN EN 12341 standard. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in PM10 fraction were determined by the thermal-optical transmittance method (TOT), using a Carbon Aerosol Analyzer (Sunset Laboratory Inc.) with a FID flame ionization detector following the NIOSH-like protocol called Quartz (Birch and Cary, 1996, described by Godec et al., 2012 and Godec et al., 2016). Significance of difference among EC and OC mass concentration between different sampling sites was tested with analysis of variance at significance level of 0.05. In the cold part of the year (winter and spring) , the OC mass concentrations determined at the site A were statistically significantly lower than the concentrations determined at the site B, C and D. At sites B and D, OC mass contribution to the overall PM10 mass were higher in the winter than in the summer period of measurement, while at site C, OC mass contribution to the overall PM10 mass was higher in the summer than in the spring period. EC mass contributions to the overall PM10 mass at sites C and D were the same. The mass concentrations of EC and OC in the PM10 particle fraction at the rural sites were statistically significantly higher in the cold part of the year (winter and spring) than the concentrations measured in the warmer part of the year (summer). EC and OC mass contribution to the overall PM10 mass were also higher during a colder than warmer period of measurements.

EC ; OC ; PM10 ; TOT ;

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