engleski

The impact and risks of micropollutants in the environment

This chapter deals with the impact and risks of 29 pharmaceuticals, belonging to different therapeutic classes, commonly detected in raw urban and hospital wastewater, treated effluents and digested sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants and in surface water. They are still unregulated compounds but, at EU-level, some of them are included in a (temporary) watch list and further studies will be carried out in order to decide whether or not they should be included in the list of compounds requiring regular monitoring and testing in water. Antibiotics, analgesics and anti-inflammatories and the antiepileptic carbamazepine exhibit the highest concentrations in water, while triclosan and triclocarban show the highest concentrations in digested sludge. The high risk is due not only to these compounds but also to hormones. This chapter highlights the importance of ecotoxicological analysis and the development of specific tools (bioassays) able to provide useful information for environmental risk assessment.

bioassays, digested sludge, environmental risk, fate, occurrence, pharmaceuticals, wastewater

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