engleski

Improvement of acid soil utilization by choice of more tolerant corn hybrids

Ten corn hybrids were grown on two soil types (pseudoglay and alluvial soil) of Drava Valley near Slatina during two growing seasons (1998 and 1999). The field trials were sown by pneumatic sowing machine in four replicates (exp. plot 14m2). Planned plant density (PPD) depends on the hybrids and it was 71428, 63493 or 58311 seed/ha (seed distance in row: 20.0, 22.5, or 24.5 cm: inter-row spacing 70 cm). Grain yields were calculated on 14% moisture and 90% realization of PPD basis. The soils used for experimentation are pH (1n KCl) 3.80 and 6.81, for pseudoglay and alluvial soil, respectively. Also, by soil test (0-30 cm of depth) were found low humus and adequate P and K contents in both soils. Acid soil had lower levels of Ca, Mg and Fe in comparison with alluvial soil. Mean grain yield were 11.71 and 10.86 t/ha, for the 1998 and 1999 growing season, respectively. In both year of testing, corn yields on acid soil were about 25% lower in comparison with alluvial soil. Yields of individual hybrids (2-year means) were from 10.40 to 12.35 t/ha and they were distributed in three groups (LSD 1% significance) as follows: a) above 11, 58 t/ha (OsSK458exp., OsSK568, OsSK490exp. and OsSK554: mean 11, 95 t/ha), b) from 10, 81 to 11, 57 t/ha (OsSK332, OsSK425 and OsSK552: mean 11, 05 t/ha) and c) under 10, 81 t/ha (OsS382, K OsSK413 and OsSK444: mean 10, 62 t/ha). The higher yields (2-year means) on alluvial soil were found by 3 hybrids (OsSK554, OsSK458 and OsSK568exp.: mean 14, 01 t/ha), while OsSK444 yielded only 11, 31 t/ha. Yields above 10 t/ha on acid soil were found by OsSK332, OsSK444, OsSK458exp. and OsS490exp. (mean 10, 84 t/ha), while under 9 t/ha yielded OsSK413, OsSK382, OsSK425exp. and OsS425exp. (mean 8, 76 t/ha).

corn hybrids ; soil type ; acid soil tolerance ; yield

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