engleski

Bioactive components from olive oil as putative epigenetic modulators

Epigenetics represents a new expanding field within genetics, focused on heritable changes in gene expression or phenotype characteristics. These changes do not involve mutations in DNA sequences, but DNA methylation, histone modifications (acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, phyoshorylation, biotinylation) as well as microRNA changes. The environmental factors, such as the diet, dynamically interact with genome affecting gene expression representing both, epigenetic causes or epigenetic erasers. The role of the bioactive components from olive oil as putative epigenetic modulators represents completely new aspect of its health effect. Phenolic compounds from olive oil, such as oleuropein, and major fatty acid in the olive oil, oleic acid, can induce alterations in the DNA methylation of specific genes. Oxidation of microRNA is recognized as a mechanism of disease development and oxidized mRNA is found in different types of diseases. Ingestion of olive oil reduced oxidation process of mRNA. Olive bioactive components could be efficient protectors of epigenetic modulations in the developments of different diseases (cancers, Alzheimer’s disease).

olive oil, epigenetic, phytochemicals, modulation

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