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Seven Days of High Salt Diet (4% NaCl) Changes the Peripheral Blood Leukocytes’ Subpopulations Distribution in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Introduction: Impaired endothelial function, together with inflammation is hallmark of early atherosclerosis. High dietary salt intake(HS) leads to impaired endothelial function, both in macro- and micro-circulation ; however, the effects of HS on immune cells’ function are unknown. Present study aimed to assess distribution of inflammatory cells and their cell adhesion molecules expression in peripheral blood of Sprague-Dawley rats in response to HS diet. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (8-10 weeks) were randomly assigned to LS or HS group (4%NaCl for 7 days ; n=min.3 rats/group). Peripheral blood was analyzed for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD11a, CD11b/c, CD49d, MHC II, CD43, and HIS48 expression by BD FACS Canto II cytometer. Data are represented as average±SEM. Results: Cell frequencies of T and B lymphocytes, granulocytes and macrophages/dendritic cells were not different between groups. However, HS diet induced a significant decrease in CD49d + expression of granulocytes, more prominently of granulocytes highly expressing CD49d (P=0.035, and P<0.001, respectively). CD49d expression on highly positive CD49d granulocytes was down-regulated in HS group compared to LS group (LS group: 335.83±4.38 and 270.21±22.88 in HSD group ; P=0.048). CD3 + CD4 + cells with high expression of CD11a molecule had decreased CD11a expression in HS group (P=0.047) compared to LS group. Conclusions: Decreased number of granulocytes highly expressing CD49d and decreased expression of CD3 + CD4 + cells highly expressing CD11a molecules in HS group suggest that these cells extravasated through endothelial layer of blood vessels, possibly to the place of future plaque formation. Results suggest interaction of specific and innate immune cells in this process in HS intake. Funding: HRZZ#IP-2014-09-6380 (V-ELI Athero).

high salt diet, leukocytes, Sprague-Dawley rats

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