engleski

Suitabiltiy of Enchytraeids as Indicator Organisms for Nanoparticle Toxicity in Terrestrial and Aquatic Systems

Soil enchytraeids play significant role in improving the soil pore structure and the degradation of organic matter. They are used as standard organism models for chemical testing, using survival and reproduction as endpoints, and in recent studies biochemical markers. Both titanium-dioxide and zinc-oxide nanoparticles are given considerable attention due to their use in ultraviolet light protection and as catalysts. It is known that both Ti and Zn nanoparticles interact directly with tissue, but they also cause oxidative stress. In this study, Enchytraeus albidus was exposed to different concentrations of both nano and bulk forms of titanium-dioxide and zinc-oxide using three different exposure routes. Artificial soil was used for a terrestrial system and soil extract and reconstituted water for aquatic systems. The measured endpoints were survival of organisms and biochemical markers ; catalase (CAT), acethylcholinesterase (AchE) and glutathion S-transferase (GST). The results showed that soil extract was not suitable as medium for testing chemicals since it showed a 100% mortality. Both titanium-dioxide and zinc-oxide were toxic in bulk and nano form in artificial soil and reconstituted water, although chemicals in reconstituted water appeared to be more than 1000 times more toxic than in soil.

ZnO ; TiO2 ; AChE ; GST ; CAT ; MT

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