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Radiolytical synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles in the presence of PEO, PVP, CTAB and DEAE-dextran

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have applications as sensor, as contrast agents for MR imaging, in drug delivery and for hyperthermia cancer treatments. γ-irradiation is a powerful technique to synthesize NPs of controlled size and shape in solution, with advantage of inducing solvated electrons and radicals, able to reduce metal ions, homogeneously through the sample. The use of polymers or surfactants can influence the nanoparticle size, morphology, stability and dispersivity. The goal of this work was to study the influence of selected polymers/surfactant on the radiolytical synthesis of iron oxides. Iron(III) precursor solutions were γ-irradiated in the presence of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and diethylaminoethyl-dextran hydrochloride (DEAE-dextran). γ-irradiation of iron(III) chloride/PEO aqueous solution produced rigid PEO hydrogels with embedded iron oxide NPs. Addition of 2-propanol increased the reducing power of γ-irradiation resulting in the formation of magnetite NPs ; however 2-propanol reduced PEO crosslinking and thus less rigid hydrogels or suspensions were formed. PVP in Fe(III) solution produced magnetic suspension with a small amount of delta-FeOOH (feroxyhyte). γ-irradiation of Fe(III)/CTAB aq. solution favoured the formation of rod-like goethite NPs. Surprisingly, γ-irradiation of Fe(III)/DEAE-dextran aq. solution with 2-propanol produced almost pure delta-FeOOH magnetic nanodiscs. This result present the first report of γ-irradiation synthesis of delta-FeOOH and the first report of obtaining delta-FeOOH in nanodisc morphology.

iron oxide ; nanoparticles ; irradiation ; polymers ; PEO ; PVP ; CTAB ; DEAE-dextran

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