engleski

The emotional and evaluative basis of discursive metaphor

In cognitive linguistic metaphor studies there has been a turn from metaphor as a conceptual device (as formulated in the, now classical, conceptual metaphor theory ; Lakoff and Johnson 1980) to metaphor as a discursive device (e.g. Musolff and Zinken 2009). Rather than exploring the conceptual characteristics of metaphorization as a human ability, this means looking into the effects of metaphor in discourse. The development has been paralleled by a shift from embodiment to sociocultural-and-embodied situatedness/groundedness. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between discursive metaphor and emotions on the basis of online sources, including news comments, forums and images/memes. I will claim that discursive metaphors in (certain) online communities are based on shared emotions (Stanojević and Čičin-Šain 2015). These metaphors: (1) may serve as a way of working through the shared emotions, and/or (2) may be based on a mechanism of metaphorical play, leading to increased emotional cohesion. I explore the nature of both cases, looking at their defining characteristics. These are primarily related to: the affordances of the environment, including its dialogual vs. dialogic nature, anonymity, (a)synchronicity, and, crucially, which values are presupposed as shared/common among the participants. As a result of this, two theoretical issues emerge: the role of language in metaphors, and whether conceptual and discursive metaphors are two aspects of the same phenomenon. I argue for a three-dimensional view (Steen 2008), but, unlike classical conceptual metaphor views, I believe in the defining role of language in metaphor. References Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors We Live by. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. Musolff, Andreas, and Jörg Zinken, eds. 2009. Metaphor and Discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Stanojević, Mateusz-Milan, and Višnja Čičin-Šain. 2015. “The Therapeutic Function of Metaphor: The Case of Emotions in the Croatian Public Discourse.” Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne, no. 9: 91–108. doi:10.14746/pss.2015.9.6. Steen, Gerard. 2008. “The Paradox of Metaphor: Why We Need a Three-Dimensional Model of Metaphor.” Metaphor and Symbol 23 (4): 213–41. doi:10.1080/10926480802426753.

discourse, metaphor, emotion, working through, cognitive linguistics

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