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Early Upper Paleolithic Osseous Points from Croatia

This chapter discusses Croatian sites that contain early Upper Paleolithic osseous points and alternative interpretations of this evidence. At Vindija and Velika pećina, sites in the region of Hrvatsko zagorje (northwestern Croatia), split base and massive base (Mladeč) osseous points were found in early Upper Paleolithic contexts associated with a very limited number of lithic finds. The unusual association of Neanderthal remains with Upper Palaeolithic osseous points in Vindija level G1 has been explained either as a result of stratigraphic mixing, or as a true cultural assemblage. Further south at Bukovac pećina, in the region of Gorski kotar, another point was found. The base of this point is missing, but it was probably massive in section. A small split-base point, similar to the points found in Franco-Cantabrian Magdalenian contexts, was found at Šandalja II on the Istrian peninsula. Osseous points from all of these sites mark the first appearance of osseous technology in the different regions of Croatia.

Neanderthals ; Early Modern Humans ; Mladeč point ; Split-base point ; Middle Paleolithic

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