engleski

The Croatian language at the beginning of the 21st century

Croatian is the official language in the Republic of Croatia and one of the official languages in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since 2008 it has been recognised as an independent language ; and since 2010 Croatian has been the 24th official language of the European Union. It is a South Slavic language which is made up of the Kajkavian, Čakavian, and Štokavian dialects. Apart from the characteristics which these dialects share, each has their own numerous unique characteristics. The Štokavian dialect is the basis for contemporary standard Croatian. It is a flective language, in which meaning is expressed by changes in word formation. Nominal words in Croatian change according to seven grammatical cases, while verbs have one present tense, four past tenses, two future tenses, and four verbal moods. Croatian uses a Latin alphabet which is made up of thirty characters, and the unique features of the alphabet are specific letters with diacritics which represent palatal consonants: č, ć, dž, đ, š, and ž. Early Croatian language literacy developed using the Glagolitic alphabet, and the earliest preserved Croatian Glagolitic literacy date back to the 11th century. The most important early Croatian Glagolitic literacy monuments are the Bašćanska ploča (Baška Tablet) from the year 1100, and the first printed Croatian book Misal po zakonu rimskoga dvora (Missal According to the Law of the Roman Church) from 1483.

Contemporary Croatian language, Croatian as L2, history of Croatian language

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