engleski

Improvement of maize inbred lines developed from domestic variety Belje Yellow Dent

Two major inbred lines, Bc10 and Bc14 were developed from the variety Belje Yellow Dent (BYD). Inbred Bc 10 is a source of resistance to leaf and stalk anthracnose (Palaversic et al, 2009.), while the Bc14 has good combining abillity with heterotic groups Lancaster and BSSS. Beside grain yield resistance to stalk rot is one of the most important trait in maize breeding. Colletotrichum graminicola and the fungi of the genus Fusarium are major causes of maize stalk rot in Croatia. Breeding for resistance is the most effective way of maize disease control. In the specific program of further line improvement of the lines from the second cycle of Bc 14, artificial stalk infection with C.graminicola was used. The most susceptible lines were discarded while the other lines were tested in S3 generation during 2010. Based on grain yield and stalk rot resistance we selected best lines for further testing in trials with more repetitions and locations during 2011 and 2012. The aim of this study was to assess the specific breeding program under artificial infection, considering resistance to stalk rot and grain yield. Twenty inbred lines developed from BYD were tested for stalk rot resistance per se and for grain yield in combinations with several testers. Twelve newly developed inbreds had statistically higher grain yield compared to standard hybrid. Selection pressure under conditions of artificial infection with C.graminicola was moderate, while final choice was made based on combining abilities. Degree of resistance to both stalk rot pathogens was improved in lines Bc61312-18 and Bc62126-23. Bc62126-23, along with Bc10 and Bc31002, was the most resistant line to anthracnose and fusarium stalk rot. To develop lines with good combining ability with high degree of resistance to stalk rot, choice of initial population is crucial with the application of artificial infection.

maize ; breeding ; resistance ; stalk rot ; grain yield

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