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An overview of Research and Exploring of some caves with hydrogeological function in Croatian karst in the last 25 years

In the last 25 years, cave research were continuous. Sum of circumstances, new technology, higher level of knowledge and construction investment and work caused many new significant exploring and research of previously unknown caves in Croatia. 1. Research of deep karstic springs. Spring of Una river dive to depth of -248 meters, spring of Gacka is 105 meters deep and 1150 meters long, in spring of Kupa, cavediver reach to a depth of 165 meters, in spring Sinjac up to 155 meters depth, in spring Rumin depth 150 meters, spring Cetina dive up to 115 meters and over 1100 meters in length, diving in Crveno jezero 161 meter depth, etc. 2. Research and explore submarine springs along coast vrulja. In Zecica over 900 meters cave channels were found there. In Modric over 2300 meters completely flooded channels were surveyed. In Dubci deep 161 meter were reached etc. 3. Exploring very deep pits. Cave system Lukina jama 1431 meters deep with cave diving in output siphon, Slovacka cave is deep 1320 meters and Velebita is 1026 meters deep. Mention the discovery of the largest inside cave vertical in the World - 518 meters in Velebita and entrance vertical in Patkov gust depth of 553 meters – the second in the World. 4. Research and explore of long and complex caves – Kita Gacesina Drazenova puhaljka is 32227 meters long and 737 meters deep, System DJula Medvedica long 16397 meters, and Panjkova 13052 meters etc. In all of these caves is significant quantity of groundwater. 5. Research caverns discovered construction work - over 1100 caverns were found and explored in detail during the construction of highways. The longest tunnels (Mala Kapela, Sveti Rok, Ucka, Sveti Ilija, etc.) there were explored hundreds of caverns some of which are longer of 2000 meters and deeper than 300 meters. 6. Measurements of geological, physical and chemical properties within the caves. Measurement concentration of radon, absolute movements of neotectonic faults, seismic activity etc. Today in Croatia are known about 12000 caves.

Cave; Speleology; Croatia

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