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Preparation and characterisation of composite nanomaterials for radionuclide delivery

The aim of this thesis was to prepare composite nanomaterials for targeted delivery of radionuclides used for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Hydroxyapatite and TiO2 nanoparticles were used as vehicles for targeted delivery because of their suitable properties such as biocompatibility and radiochemical stability. Nanocomposites were prepared by precipitating phosphonate ligands or polyethylene glycol with nanoparticles. The role of the phosphonates is binding of radionuclides and stabilisation of nanoparticles. Prepared nanocomposites were labelled with 99mTc, a gamma emmiter used in tumor imaging and 223Ra, an alpha emmiter used in targeted alpha therapy. Phosphonic acids ethylenediamine tetra(methylenephosphonic) acid, propylenediamine tetra(methylenephosphonic) acid and 1, 2-cyclohexyldiamine tetra(methylenephosphonic) acid were purified by ion exchange chromatography and used for preparation of nanocomposites. Besides mentioned ligands, methylene diphosphonic acid, etidronic acid, zoledronic acid, pamidronic acid and polyethylene glycol were used for experiments. For labelling with 99mTc, the best yields were obtained for 99mTc-CDTMP-HAp (89%), and 99mTc- PDTMP-HAp (93%) stabilised before labelling and 99mTc-MDP-HAp (92%) and 99mTc-HEDP-HAp (89%) stabilised during their preparation. TiO2 nanocomposites all had yields >93%. Nanocomposites 223Ra-zoledronic acid-HAp stabilised after labelling showed the best yields (60%) for labelling with 223Ra.

nanocomposites ; hydroxyapatite ; TiO2 ; phosphonic acids ; 99mTc ; 223Ra

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