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Quick insight into anti-Anisakis seroprevalence in professionals employed in fishery industry of Split-Dalmatian County, Croatia

Epidemiological study conducted on healthy population in Split-Dalmatian Country in 2014 revealed that total anti-Anisakis seroprevalence amounted to 2%. The highest levels were observed in subjects from southern islands that answered positive for daily and weekly consumption of thermally unprocessed fish. In order to have an insight in the anti- Anisakis IgE status of professionals employed in mid Dalmatian fishery facilities, we distributed questionnaires and took blood samples for Western Blot (WB) analysis of sera. The study has been approved by the Ethical Committee of Teaching Institute of Public Health. In total 295 blood donors working at four canning factories re-sponded to the questionnaire. Among these, a subsample of of 30 sera was chosen based on re-sponses collected from the questionnaire. Selected samples encompassed sera of a) individuals that showed allergic symptoms that increment after their working shift ; b) individuals with allergies that were not exacerbated during work ; c) healthy individuals without allergy or other clinical signs of disease (N=10), representing a control population, of which 4 consumes fish regularly and the rest does not. WB was performed using a fresh homogenate of A. pegreffii infective third-stage larvae as antigen, while circulating anti-Anisakis IgE antibodies were detected by secondary monoclonal anti-human IgE antibody. Detection was visualised by reaction of NBT-BCIP (Nitro blue tetrazolium-5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolil- phosphate) with alkaline phosphatase conjugated to the secondary antibody. In total 5 males (age 20-45 years) and 25 females (age 26-56 years) were tested, of which allergic individuals suffered from bronchitis (27%) and urticaria (20%). Results evidenced that 14/ 30 individuals had at least one of 14 known Anisakis allergens, while 7/ 14 showed antibodies for at least 1 of 4 major allergens (Ani s 1, Ani s 2, Ani s 7, Ani s 12). This study will be further evaluated using indirect sandwich ELISA, but Anisakis allergy needs to be seriously considered as a professional risk in fishery industry. This work has been fully supported by Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ), grant number 5576, AnGEl: Anisakis spp. ; genomic epidemiology.

anti-Anisakis IgE; Western Blot; professional risk assessment

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