engleski

Phytochemical and cytogenetic characterization of Centaurea solstitialis L. (Asteraceae) from Croatia

The cytogenetic characterization of Centaurea solstitialis L. (Asteraceae) showed a chromosome number of 2n=16. Karyotype is composed by four pairs of metacentric, two pairs of submetacentric and two pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. Physical mapping of two rDNA probes revealed two loci of 35S and one locus of 5S rRNA genes. Chromomycin fluorochrome banding revealed that all rDNA loci were GC rich. The genome size (2C-value) of 1.95 pg classes this species in the group of very small genomes. Chemical composition of C. solstitialis volatile oil from Croatia, studied with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed dominant components as it follows: hexadecanoic acid, α-linolenic acid, germacrene D and heptacosane. Antioxidant capacity, measured by FRAP and DPPH methods, as well as inhibition of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase of VO was lower comparing to a standard solutions. Volatile oil tested with Disc diffusion method showed good inhibitory potential against P. aeruginosa, E. coli and all tested fungi: C. albicans, P. funiculosum and A. fumigatus. The microdilution method showed best activity against C. sakazakii and A. fumigatus.

Centaurea solstitialis ; cytogenetic profile ; volatile oil ; GC/MS antimicrobial activity

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