engleski

Mycotoxins in Food and Agriculture

Abstract Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of moulds. There are about 100 species of toxic molds which produce these mycotoxins and over 200 known types of mycotoxins. However, the study of mycotoxins is relatively new, so there are many more mycotoxins to be discovered. The most important mycotoxin types are: Aflatoxins, Deoxynivalenol, Fumonisins, Ochratoxin A, Patulin, Trichothecene, Zearalenone. Mycotoxins are extremely toxic to humans and animals. They have caused great problems in agriculture. Over 25% of the world's agricultural production is contaminated by mycotoxins. Mycotoxins often grow on crops like corn, wheat and peanuts, for example and can then end up in food. Because of that there are limits set for the amount of mycotoxins in food. Each country has to collect data about the official mycotoxins controls in food and feed performed by authorized laboratories. Minister of Agriculture issues decisions on the authorization of official and reference laboratories for food and feed based on Food Law (NN 46/07, 84/08, 55/11), Law on official controls performed in accordance with food, animal feed, health and welfare (NN 81/13), Regulation on authorization of official and reference laboratories for food and feed (NN 86/10, 07/11 and 74/13) and Law on General Administrative Procedure (NN 47/09).

mycotoxins; food; feed; laboratories

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