engleski

Deoxynivalenol and its modified forms in Croatian wheat harvested in 2015

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and its modified forms 3- acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON), 15- acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-AcDON), deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G), deoxynivalenol-3-sulfate and deoxynivalenol-15- sulfate were determined in wheat samples from Croatia applying a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry multi-mycotoxin method. Considering DON is one of the most frequently occurring trichothecene mycotoxin produced by various Fusarium species, it greatly affects agriculture causing yield & technological quality loss through Fuasrium head blight disease. Plants can metabolise DON to conjugated, masked mycotoxins D3G, deoxynivalenol-3-sulfate and deoxynivalenol-15- sulfate which are not legally regulated. However, free DON can be released from conjugates during digestion so it is important to monitor their concentrations. In this survey 62 wheat samples were collected from all Croatian regions. DON was detected in 31 samples (50%), with the maximum concentration 1065.3 ppb and the median was 123.4 ppb. D3G was detected in 26 samples (42%), with the maximum concentration 182.1 ppb, and the median 31.0 ppb, and 3-AcDON in 7 samples (11%) with the maximum concentration 10.6 ppb, and the median 4.7 ppb. DON-sulfates and 15-AcDON were not detected in any of the samples. Most of the samples with detected DON and the highest detected concentrations originated from eastern Croatian regions. This can be related with weather conditions during wheat flowering. Air temperature and amount of rain in May were above average in eastern Croatia and that created favorable conditions for Fusarium infection. Conversely, the wheat grown in south Croatian regions at the coast did not have high levels of DON (up to 10.6 ppb), and no modified DONs were detected.

deoxynivalenol; modified deoxynivalenol; LC-MS/MS multi-mycotoxin detection; occurrence; Croatia

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