engleski

Dimensions of Inclusion and Exclusion: Politics towards Roma in Croatia-Slavonia in the second half of 19th and in the beginning of 20th Century

The aim of our paper is to examine Roma (Gypsy) question in Croatia-Slavonia in the second half of 19th and in the beginning of 20th century. In doing so, we will analyze the position of Roma mostly through the lens of inclusion and exclusion. During the period the authorities applied different politics towards Roma. These politics varied from partial inclusion to exclusion. Some practices indicate that the Government was trying to include domestic Roma in the society. However, the inclusion was only partial since the Government also enacted special provisions for Roma. For example, it ordered official list of all domestic Roma, it specially controlled migration of Roma within the country and in 1888 even debated about forced colonization. By doing this, the Government in reality complicated integration of Roma in the society. Another aspect of Roma question was treatment of foreign Roma. These Roma were treated as a special group of foreigners and, in principle, they were not tolerated in Croatia-Slavonia. However, in reality they entered and migrated around the country. The Government was constantly trying to control the migration of these foreigners and deport them. As a response on constant threat of expulsion these immigrants hid their documents and claimed they are domestic. Thus, in such cases, the authorities used different criteria of recognition of foreigners. These criteria included language, accent, clothes etc.

Roma ; Inclusion ; Exclusion ; Citizenship ; Croatia-Slavonia ; Austro-Hungarian Monarchy

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