engleski

High cholesterol diet induced oxidative stress in brain and liver

Cholesterol in organism originates from the food or through biosynthesis in liver, which controls its homeostasis and metabolism, degradation or the conversion to bile salts. The input of cholesterol into the brain, the cholesterol richest organ, comes almost entirely from in situ brain synthesis. There is currently little evidence for the net transfer of sterol from the plasma into the brain. From 0.02% (human) to 0.4% (mouse) of the cholesterol in brain turns over each day so that the absolute flux of sterol across the brain is only approximately 0.9% as rapid as the turnover of cholesterol in the whole body of these respective species. Studies have suggested that high cholesterol diet leads to altered brain composition of structural and functional lipids. Such cholesterol metabolism imbalance in the brain might be related to the development of neurological disorders and neuronal death via oxidative stress. The goal of this work was to compare the liver, plasma and brain hypercholesterolemia and its relationship on alterations of oxidative stress markers in mice on high fat-cholesterol diet. C57BL mice were fed with high cholesterol diet for 60 days.. We measured hypercholesterolemia in various brain regions (prefrontal cortex, cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum) liver and plasma and compare it with oxidative stress markers – superoxide dismutase, total glutathione, catalase, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of lipid peroxidation. Hypercholesterolemia in mice blood was induced by high cholesterol diet. Levels of MDA as a marker of lipid peroxidation was only increased in liver. Levels of GSH were significantly decreased in the liver and increased in prefrontal cortex of treated mice. Catalase activity was increased in the cerebellum and decreased in the liver while superoxide dismutase was increased in brain and the liver. Hypercholesterolemia increases oxidative stress in the liver and the brain. Antioxidants are depleted in the liver but not in the brain. Parts of the brain, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, are more susceptible to oxidative stress induced by hypercholesterolemia compared to the cerebellum.

oxidative stress ; brain ; liver ; hypercholesterolemia

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