engleski

The tephra layer near the Mousterian site Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik: A Campanian Ignimbrite deposit?

A tephra layer 10 cm thick was discovered within colluvial deposits in fan like structure that spreads from the Pantan spring in the western part of Kaštela bay to approximatlly the area of Palaeolithic site Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik. The deposits comprise of two sedimentary facies: (A) a stratified colluvium with angular coarse grained Upper Cretaceous limestone clasts with sporadic chert , the colluvium is separated almost in two halves by a red paleosoil up to 30 cm thick, also the colluvium is covered by a 50 cm thick terra rossa soil (B) fine grained colluvial /alluvial deposits with or without palaeosoil layers. The B deposits are not equally developed along the fan and in most cases the A colluvium directly overlies on the Eocene flysch bedrock. Within the B sequence a layer of orange tephra up to 10 cm thick and 4 m long was found and a well developed palaeosoil. The preliminary mineralogical analysis (XRD, SEM and heavy minerals) of both the glass shards and their morphology as well as the geochemistry and mineralogy , and micromorphology of the accompanying deposits indicate that the tephra could be the distal equivalent of the Campanian Ignimbrite/Y-5 eruption of the Campi Flegrei (39 280±110 cal yr BP). The Y-5 eruption is the only one that could have formed a 10 cm thick tephra deposit in the past 200ky on the Adriatic coast. The Y-5 tephra was found in the Crvena stijena rockshelter in Montenegro and on the Island of Susak. If the OSL dating confirms the geochemical and mineralogical data related to the tephra it will permit identification possible stratigraphic layers concurrent to the upstream (7 km distant) Mousterian site Mujina pećina and possible sources of artifacts to the Palaeolithic site Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik.

tephra; geochemistry; colluvial deposits; Campanian Ignimbrite; Mousterian

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