engleski

Modelling and assessment of particulate matter using EMEP and WRF-Chem models at rural background stations in Europe

Air pollution due to particulate matter (PM) was investigated at rural background mountain, elevated and surface stations in Europe during 2011. Seasonality of the PM observations at mountain sites are analysed and compared to elevated and surface stations for the whole year allowing identifying regional variability and differences across Europe. Two different regional chemistry models were applied to analyse the transboundary transport of aerosols and the effect at background stations. The EMEP chemical transport model was run for the November 2011 as well as the “online” meteorological and chemical transport WRF-Chem model with novel mixing length scheme applicable for stable atmospheric conditions. Special attention was given to the regional characteristics and sources of PM in Central and South-Eastern Europe during episode of observed high daily PM concentrations at background mountain stations with daily PM concentrations ~ 70 microgram/m3 and urban surface stations ~ 120 microgram/m-3. Episode was analysed using monitored and modelled air quality and meteorological data and backward air mass trajectories which showed that all analysed stations were under the influence of the same air masses. According to WRF-Chem model elevated PM10 concentrations were the consequence of local anthropogenic sources and regional transport. The accumulation of pollutants was governed by the large scale anticyclone conditions that prevailed over the South-Eastern and Central Europe enabling stable atmospheric conditions characterized with low dispersion and mixing. Both models underestimated PM concentrations at mountain stations during the episode indicating problems with regional transport of air pollution in statically stable atmospheric conditions.

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