engleski

Reducing CO2 Emissions and Increasing the Integration of Renewables through the Utilization of Smart District Heating System in the City of Velika Gorica

The City of Velika Gorica is facing several key issues regarding its heating sector. The biggest among them is the utilization of 14 small and distributed heat plants each providing energy to a separate and individually disconnected heating grid. Of the 14 installed plants only 2 are gas operated, 34% of the installed capacity, while the rest use fuel oil resulting in a high level of CO2 emissions. Other issues include distribution loses and a high specific heating consumption of roughly 190 kWh/m2 on average for residential buildings and 200 kWh/m2 on average for public buildings. Modernization of the district heating system and a high penetration of renewables with a decrease in energy consumption of residential and public buildings can result in a reduction of costs and CO2 emissions of the system. Smart district heating systems could have an important role in the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources because they could insure flexibility of the future energy system. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the integration and connection of 14 small heating grids into one smart district heating system of the City of Velika Gorica with integration of renewable energy sources like biomass and solar. Three different utilization scenarios of solar energy including heat storage, preheating and individual heating as well as the utilization of biomass in cogeneration have been analysed to identify the optimal energy mix in the city with the purpose of reaching the highest energy performance with an affordable cost.

District heating; solar energy; heat storage; biomass; preheating

nije evidentirano