engleski

The relationship of Quality of interactions with parents, Trait anxiety and coping, with depression in adolescents

Researchers and practitioners have long since agreed that depression in children and adolescents should be examined with regard to multiple causes and interactions between risk and protective factors. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship of quality of interactions with parents (mother and father separately), trait anxiety and coping, with depression in adolescents. A total of 211 high school students, aged 16 through 19 (120 girls and 91 boys) completed measures of mother's and father's acceptance and rejection (Quality of family interactions scale - KOBI ; Vulic Prtoric, 2000), trait anxiety (Endler Multidimenzional Anxiety Scales – Emas - Trait ; Endler, Edwards, Vitelli i Parker, 1989 Croatian version ; Soric, 2002), coping (Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations – CISS ; Endler i Parker, 1990 - Croatian version, Soric and Prorokovic, 2002) and depression (A self - rating depression scale ; Zung, 1966 - Croatian version, Jandric, 2009). Correlation analyses have shown that mother's and father's rejection, trait anxiety, emotion focused coping and distraction were positively correlated with depression, while father's acceptance, problem focused coping and social diversion were negatively correlated with depression. Surprisingly mother's acceptance did not correlate significantly with depression. The results of hierarchical regression analysis have shown that mother's rejection predicted higher and father's acceptance predicted lower depression scores. Trait anxiety predicted higher depression after controlli ng for effects of family variables. Finally, coping significantly contributed to variance of depression, with problem focused coping and social diversion predicting lower while emotion focused coping and distraction predicting higher depression scores. The model explained 37% of variance of depression. The results have also shown that relationships of mother's rejection and father's acceptance, as well as trait anxiety with depression were mediated by coping (following Baron and Kenny's procedure for testing mediation)

depression; adolescents; family; trait anxiety; coping

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