engleski

Climate variability, soil and forest ecosystem diversity of Dinaric Mountains - Second edition

The Dinaric mountains in Croatia presents one of the hot-spots of European biodiversity possessing a very large number of species, hosting most endemics. Dinaric mountains in Croatia strongly affect the climate of the Adriatic region making a distinct boundary between the maritime and a continental climate. In this work, an overview of climatic conditions of Dinaric area was provided including observed climatic changes of temperatures and precipitation in the last century. Existing soil types were assessed and described, in particular with respect to soil forming processes. The role of climate as a dominant factor in soil formation was evaluated in relation to the other factors such as lithology and topography. Also, an occurrence of the specific broad range of forest associations in Dinarides was presented. We examined correspondence between forest vegetation, soil and climatic properties in Dinaric area. As a final, future, very possible scenarios of regional climatic development were presented as a serious hazard to the sustainability of natural forest resources. We determine the variety of soil types, ranging from soils that are characteristic of Mediterranean (on limestone) such as Terra rossa with intensive red colour, calcomelanosols and calcicambisols in high carst, to soils characteristic of continental climate (on flint or silica) such as dystric cambisols and luvisols. Forest vegetation of Dinaric mountains comprises of 54 diverse forest ecosystem types, encompassing specific combinations of soil and phytocoenoses. Existing ecosystems form nine broader groups i.e. bioclimates that are typical for Dinarides.

Dinaric mountains, Soil types, Forest types, Bioclimates, Observed and predicted climate change

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