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Geomorphological-geological significance of the Olimp pit on Northern Velebit Mt. (Croatia)

Olimp pit is located in the Northern Velebit National Park at the altitude of 1370 meters above sea level. The depth of the pit is -537m and currently the Olimp is the 12th on the list of the deepest caves in Croatia and also the sixth one in the Northern Velebit National Park. The cave was found in 1998, but the main exploration began in 1999. The most intensive exploration was conducted in 2000 and 2006. The cave is a simple knee-morphology. It consists of a number of vertical channels and small shelfs between them. The deepest vertical channels are 92 and 90 m deep, and the average depth of all verticals in the cave is 38 m. In dry season the cave is hydrological active from the depth of -300 m, while in the wetter period water appears much higher. The upper part of the pit, to a depth of about -350 m, is made up of the Paleogene so-called “Jelar” or “Velebit” carbonate breccia, and the lower part of the cave was formed in carbonate, well layered rocks, most likely late Jurassic age. This difference affects the less pronounced, but still noticeable differences in the morphology of the channels. The tectonic fractures that had an influence on the genesis of the cave have the directions N-S and NW-ES. The bottom of the pit is a collapsed hall. A narrow passage (6 m deep) between the collapsed blocks was found and a watercourse flows through it. The data obtained in this study also helps in geomorphological and geological studies of the Park’s wide area.

: jama Olimp; karst; speleology; geospeleology; NP Sjeverni Velebit; Croatia

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