engleski

Dietary effect on c-peptide preservation in type 1 diabetic pregnant women

Insulin is the main hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Insulin is synthesized in the Langerhans islet β-cells as the proinsulin precursor, from which C-peptide and insulin are formed by proteolytic cleavage. In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM-1), complex interplay of genetic, exogenous ad autonomic factors leads to selective destruction of pancreatic β-cells, thus compromising insulin synthesis and secretion. Patients with DM-1 can produce exogenous insulin to a certain extent, however, insulin secretion undergoes gradual reduction due to selective destruction of β-cell function. Both C-peptide and insulin are secreted to portal circulation in equimolar amounts. There is an association of elevated C-peptide concentration with great reduction of hypoglycemic episodes, HbA1c values and microvascular complications. Studies have demonstrated that vitamins D and E, nicotinamide and polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 fatty acids) may have protective effects in DM-1. Our investigations showed C-peptide to increase in both healthy and DM-1 pregnant women. This review article describes the impact of pregnancy and diet on β-cell function in women with DM-1.

pregnancy; type 1 diabetes mellitus; C-peptide; nicotinamide; omega-3 fatty acids; vitamins D and E

nije evidentirano