engleski

Cytogenetic status and activation of BRAF-dependent pathway in patients with thyroid diseases

Thyroid cancer is one of the fastest growing types of cancer in the world. Its molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms are closely related to changes in the genome what makes it a good model for such study. The aim of this study was to assess cytogenetic status of patients with thyroid diseases and to determine the rate of mutated proteins in thyroid tissues. The study population consisted of 80 volunteer untreated patients (67 female: 13 male, average age 51.56±12.61 years, 21 smokers) diagnosed with follicular adenoma (33), papillary cancer (26), goitre (18) and thyroiditis (3). The analysis of DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes for this group using Comet assay resulted in: tail length (TL) 10.28±2.52 μm, tail intensity (TI) 4.04±2.12% and tail moment (TM) 0.21±0.32. When compared to matched control population that consisted of 80 healthy volunteers (67 female: 13 male, average age 51.15±13.22 years, 21 smokers), significantly (p<0.05) lower average TL (9.34±1.28), TI (2.19±0.76), and TM (0.09±0.04) were observed. The expression of Raf-B and Ret variant proteins was also evaluated where out of 80 tissue samples, 82.50% was positive for Raf-B and 21.25% for Ret. In addition, only 2 samples were negative for both proteins whereas 5 were positive for both of them. As both mutations are consequences of changes in genome, cytogenetic methods could be used for biomonitoring of human population in order to detect which individuals are more prone to this type of disease and therefore improve its prevention, although, the quest for ideal biomarker for thyroid diseases diagnosis and prediction is still on.

Micronucleus test; Comet assay; Papillary thyroid cancer; Cancer prevention; Raf-B; Ret

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