engleski

Sea Transport Air Pollution

Impact of exhaust gas emissions on the environment and air pollution from ships have received considerable attention in the last few decades. Due to the characteristics of the combustion process, typical for large marine two-stroke low speed engines, and the use of residual fossil fuels, the world's fleet emits into the atmosphere significant amount of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC), sulfur oxide (SOx) and carbon particles (PM). Impact assessment of the process of their formation, emitted amounts and the influence of emission are important factors for decision making in regulation development and also for engine designers who aim to improve low- speed two-stroke marine engines, for further tightening of regulations regarding limiting emissions. This chapter describes the injection and combustion process in low-speed two-stroke marine engines, the formation of the exhaust gas emissions as a product of the combustion process and the the known techniques to reduce harmful emissions that are now used in low-speed two- stroke marine engines.

two-stroke low-speed marine diesel engines, fuel injection, combustion, pollutant formation and composition, reduction methods

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