engleski

Lipid composition of muscle tissue of gray wolf (Canis lupus) in Croatia

Gray wolf belongs to the Dinara-balkan population and in the Republic of Croatia inhabits the areas of Dalmatia, Gorski Kotar, Lika and Banija. Research of stomach contents and faeces gives insight into the wolf diet, which strongly contributes to the lipid composition of tissues. The main wolf prey in Lika and Gorski Kotar are wild ungulates (deer, roe deer and wild boar) and in Dalmatia domestic animals (sheep, goat, cattle, horse and dog). The aim of this study was to determine the influence of season, location and gender on lipid composition of muscle tissue. The study was conducted on 36 individuals (female=14, male=22) of gray wolf legally harvested in the hunting season in years 2009 to 2012. In Lika and Gorski Kotar 19 individuals were sampled, while in Dalmatia 17 individuals were sampled. M. gluteus superfitialis (MG), m. vastus lateralis (MV) and m. semitendinosus (MS) were collected. After thawing, weighting, homogenization in supernatant, triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), phospholipids (FLP) were measured. Total lipids (TL) concentrations were determined after extraction in a solvent mixture of chloroform: methanol. Total lipids concentration was higher and TAG concentration was lower in MG compared to MV in females (p=0.005, p=0.004, respectively) and in MS in both genders (females, p=0.001, p=0.002 ; males, p=0.0005, p=0.04). There was a lower concentration of FLP in MS compared to MG in both genders (females, p=0.04 ; males, p=0.02) and in MG compared to MV and MS only in males (p=0.05, p=0.02, respectively). Also, a lower concentration of TC was established in MG in comparison to MS in both genders (females, p=0.008 ; males, p=0.02). In Dalmatia, the concentration of TAG in MV (p=0.009) and MS (p=0.03) were higher in females than in males. In autumn, a higher concentration of TC was determined in MV in females (p=0.03). Also, in winter higher TAG concentration was determined in MS in females compared to males (p=0.009). Lipid composition in MG showed no differences with respect neither to season, location nor sampling. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the lipids for both females and males differ according to the season and are dependent on sampling location and muscle type.

gray wolf; lipid composition; muscle tissue

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