engleski

Hydra-Algae Symbiosis: Characterization of Endosymbiotic Green Algae Isolated from Different Green Hydra Strains Using Electron Microscopy, Morphometric and Enzyme Analysis

Process of endosymbiosis is one of promoters of speciation. The green hydra (Hydra viridissima Pallas, 1766) is a typical example of endosymbiosis. Its gastrodermal myoepithelial cells harbor the individuals of unicellular photoautotrophic algae. We have established prosperous laboratory cultures of endosymbiotic green algae isolated from green hydra strains. Hydra strains were from 6 different geographical localities: 4 from Croatia, 1 from Israel and 1 from Germany. Endosymbiotic green algae were successfully isolated using microbiological methods. Isolated endosymbiotic algae were characterized employing cytological morphometric parameters, enzyme activity and isoenzyme pattern analysis (catalase, peroxidase and esterases). Cells of endosymbiotic algae were characterized by morphometric measurements: diameter, perimeter and area. Algal HV and M9 strains were separated from strains T and BV. The results obtained by isoenzyme pattern analysis suggest a difference between Croatian and European algal endosymbionts, indicating biological diversity among algal symbionts isolated from green hydras. Five isoenzymes of catalase and five isoenzymes of peroxidase were resolved by PAGE electrophoresis. Isoenzyme K1 appeared only in endosymbiotic algae M9 from Israel and isoenzyme K3 only in T strain. Isoenzyme P1 was observed only in endosymbiont HV while isoenzyme P5 in both endosymbionts HV and M9. Isoenzymes P3 and P4 were visible only in algal strains BV and T from Croatia.

endosymbiotic algae ; green hydra ; symbiosis ; morphometry ; isoenzyme analysis

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