engleski

Wound healing process in conditions of CD26 deficiency

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV/CD26) is a ubiquitous multifunctional membrane-bound glycoprotein, acting as a proteolytic molecule, receptor and binding protein expressed on the surface of various cell types. Its soluble form, resulting most probably by proteolytic cleavage of the membraneBbound form, is found in different biological fluids. DPP IV/CD26 plays an important role in different physiological as well as pathological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation, which are all key processes in wound healing. Therefore, we hypothesized that DPP IV/CD26 influences wound healing processes, especially proliferation of basal layer cells of epidermis and neovascularization. In order to investigate the role of DPP IV/CD26 in wound healing, experimental wounds were induced in CD26 deficient (CD26-/-) and wild type (C57BL/6) mice which were sacrificed on days 2, 4, 7, 10 and 15 following wounding. Histomorphometrical, patohistological and immunohystochemical analyses were done and revealed different wound healing dynamics between CD26B/B and wild type mice. In conditions of CD26 deficiency, the epithelization process was more intense. The formation of new capillaries started promptly in CD26-/- mice, on day 2 of wound healing, and their number was considerably higher than that of C57BL/6 mice in all analyzed days. Likewise, the proliferation of basal layer cells of epidermis was more pronounced in CD26-/- mice on days 4 and 7 of wound healing compared to wild type mice. On day 10 of wound healing a restoration of normal structure of the skin was noticed in both mice strains, but the re- establishment of different layers of epidermis was noticed only in CD26-/- mice. The resulting scar tissue in CD26-/- mice was better vascularized and having more solid structure compared to wild type mice. The activity of DPP IV/CD26 was also measured in wild type mice and showed a significant reduction on day 4 of wound healing. Obtained results indicate an important role of DPP IV/CD26 in wound healing processes, which was found to be more efficient in conditions of CD26 deficiency. These findings contribute in insights of wound healing mechanisms and could give a contribution in finding new therapeutic approaches for wound healing and tissue regeneration.

DPP IV/CD26 ; wound healing ; angiogenesis

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