engleski

Gingival biotype assessment using clinical parameters and visual evaluation

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the objective parameters that describe different gingival biotypes and determine the reliability of visual biotype assessment compared with objective clinical measurements. Material and Methods: The data were collected using a questionnaire that contained information about respondents, periodontal status and following measurements: the shape of the teeth, the width/length crown ratio, papillary height, width of attached gingiva, gingival scalloping and traumatic brushing signs. Gingival biotype was also visually assessed. 56 dental school students at the University of Zagreb were included. Statistical significance was tested by Fisher exact test, v2-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and t-test. Results: Cluster analysis of the following clinical parameters was performed: gingival recession, width of attached gingiva, the ratio of width and length of the tooth crown, papilla height, gingival scalloping and the teeth form and revealed the distribution of data into three clusters according to the gingival biotype, thin biotype (A), and two thick biotypes (B1) and (B2). These observed groups were significantly different for all clinical parameters. There was a significant correlation between the cervical defects and cluster A. Subjective assessment of dichotomous gingival biotype did not significantly coincide with the resulting cluster solution. Conclusion: The existence of different gingival biotypes has been proven using simple and reproducible method. The visual evaluation of gingival biotype is subjective and depends on the therapist’s experience, hence it is insufficient compared to the cluster groups. A standardized protocol or method that could provide information about the biotype in simple, atraumatic and objective way is required.

gingival biotype ; gingival recession ; periodontium

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