engleski

APOLIPOPROTEIN E GENE (APOE) VARIANTS, AND GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS AS PREDICTORS OF EARLY METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS TRAITS IN A YOUNG CROATIAN POPULATION

Aetiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is complex and involves environmental and genetic factors and their interactions. Because of the important role of apoE in lipid metabolism and adipocyte activity, APOE might serve as a potential determinant of MetS. In this study of 149 subjects, aged 20-35 years, we determined whether the variable forms of functional gene APOE in interaction with environmental factors (nutrition) represent a potential genetic risk factors for increased susceptibility to MetS. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters were measured by standard laboratory methods. The APOE was genotyped by real-time PCR. No APOE genotype significantly increased the risk for MetS. Significant association was found between APOE polymorphism with elevated blood pressure (p=0.019). APOE alleles were significantly associated with the concentration of TC and LDL-C (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively).With a diet as modification covariate there was a significant correlation of APOE alleles with the concentrations of adiponectin and leptin (p=0.029 and p=0.024, respectively). Although APOE variants were not confirmed as the risk factor for development of MetS, APOE variants could provide information that may be clinically meaningful for estimation of the risk of MetS traits in young adults. The interaction of functional gene polymorphisms with nutrition may play a substantial role in MetS risk only when an individual with a high risk genetic profile enters a high-risk environment. This points to the need of personalized behavioural recommendations for prevention of chronic disorders.

Metabolic sydrome; APOE polymorphism; Mediterranean diet; young population; adiponectin and leptin

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