engleski

Application of biomaterials for the treatment of stroke: in vivo preclinical studies

Ischemic stroke is a common disability resulting from an occlusion of cerebral artery, most often the middle cerebral artery. The combination of stem cells, biomaterials, and bioactive agents may provide novel therapeutic solutions to stroke-induced injury. This study provides an analysis of in vivo preclinical studies that report the biomaterial application in stroke treatment in last seven years. A total of 61 studies dealt with the applications where biomaterials alone or combined with cells and/or bioactive agents for the post-stroke brain treatment. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was the most often used stroke induction method. Rats were the preferred animal model. Most dominantly used delivery approach was the stereotaxic injection and preferred injection site was the lesion site. Biomaterials were used as carriers that deliver and release bioactive agents or cells in a controlled manner, while providing a biomimetic or structural support in stroke-affected brains. The most relevant structures that were used include polymeric nanoparticles, microparticles, microspheres and scaffolds. In conclusion, the application of biomaterials could offer appropriate three dimensional matrix for transplanted cells or bioactive agents and thus regulate their behavior and increase neuroprotective capacity. Furthermore, biomaterials could provide stromal support within the lesion cavity and may enhance the ability of cells and/or bioactive agents to restore brain structure and function. Acknowledgments: The study was supported by EU FP7 grant GlowBrain (REGPOT–2012–CT2012– 316120).

Biomaterials; Bioactive compounds; In vivo; Ischemia; Cells

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