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A defining the optimal point of opening and developing a surface pit mine

Optimalization of the contours of the "Kongora" open surface pit, applying the Method of movable slopes (l) has been elaborated in the Master thesis "Projecting in the mining by applying application programs" [10]. In the basic proposition of the Method of movable slopes, fix values of the energy market prices and the elementary prices of mineral raw material digging, have been taken into consideration for the reason of simplified procedure in verifying the method in the course of elaborating the algorithms [9, 10]. According to the algorithms of contemporary methods, a process of projecting surface pit mines includes also determination of blocks digging seguences [14]. It includes an exact defining of optimal opening point and the direction of developing surface pit. The change of the exploitation price is considerably influenced by the factors such as - the place of opening, the way of digging, direction of advancing and some additional investments [1]. Formerly determined final contours of the surface pit might serve as an ultimate goal of optimalization. An exact sequence of technological operations should be determined to be able to reach the established goal [4, 5]. The point of opening and developing of the surface pit is greatly influenced by the following factors: value of the mineral raw material (economic factor), shape of ore body, quality of the mineral raw material and the quantity of the overburden (natural and technological factors) as well as the morphology of the ground. Inside any surface pit mine there is tendency of continuity in sense of profit but also with regard to really possible technological solutions. It means that a crucial problem is to achieve constant quality of mineral raw material, quality of overburden and the form of mining works [2, 3, 6]. Following these propositions, a contemporary method of determination an optimal point of opening and developing of the surface pit has been elaborated, primarily for the stratified deposits as well as for the other types of deposits, nominated as the Method of uniformed ratio (MUR). This method has been tested on the representative example of the "Kongora" coal mine pit.

open surface pit; optimal point of opening; development; contemporary methods

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