engleski

Isolation and characterization of volatile and non-volatile phytochemicals from orange (Citrus sinensis L.) peel

Citrus sinensis L. belongs to Rutaceae family. The following study was aimed to identify volatile and non-volatile phytochemicals isolated by different methods from dried orange peel. Volatiles isolated by hydrodistillation in Clevenger type apparatus as well as by petrolether extraction in Soxlet apparatus were analysed by GC-MS. The volatile oil as well as petrolether extract contained more than 90% of monoterpene limonene. Other minor compounds were also identified such as: monoterpenes (alpha- and beta-pinene, sabinene, ocimene, etc.) ; sesquiterpenes (beta-caryophyllene, alpha- copaene, beta-elemene, valencene, etc.) ; alcohols (linalool, alpha- and beta- terpineol) ; esters (neryl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl linoleate etc.) and others. The MetOH extraction of non-volatile phytoconstituents was performed after petrolether extraction in Soxlet apparatus as well as by the alkaline (KOH) extraction of the peels. The non-volatile compound obtained by crystallization was identified as hesperetin, the aglycone of flavanon hesperidin. Limonene and hesperetin were analysed by using spectroscopic methods and tested for their antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory activity.

Citrus sinensis ; limonene ; hesperetin ; GC-MS ; FTIR ; NMR

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