engleski

Cardiometabolic aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder amongst women of reproductive age. Although PCOS is diagnosed exclusively based on reproductive criteria, it is also a metabolic disorder. Insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and dyslipidemia are more common in women with PCOS than in age-comparable women without PCOS. Many of the metabolic abnormalities that manifest in PCOS are worsened by the concurrent incidence of obesity. However, some of these metabolic perturbations occur even in lean women with PCOS and therefore are rightfully recognized as intrinsic to PCOS. The intrinsic factors that produce these metabolic disturbances are reviewed in this thesis paper. The consequences of obesity and the other metabolic aberrations are also discussed. The metabolic perturbations in PCOS patients lead to chronic low grade inflammation and to cardiovascular impairments that heighten the risk of having cardiovascular disease. Therapies such as oral contraceptives and anti-androgenic medications used to manage the reproductive manifestations of PCOS may themselves be a cause of metabolic perturbations. Therefore, factors influencing the cardiometabolic side effects arising during the treatment of the non-metabolic manifestations of PCOS will also be discussed in an effort to minimize the overall cardiometabolic risk.

PCOS; Insulin resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Cardiovascular Disease; Cardiovascular Risk Factors

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