engleski

Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Pomegranate

Pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.) is an important source of as anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds whose functional and medicinal effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-atherosclerotic effects have been confirmed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate wild pomegranate fruit growing on nine diverse locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina (over an area of about 50 km) in terms of total phenols and anthocyanins content as well as antioxidant capacity corresponding to two harvest periods (with an interval of 10 days). Total phenols (TP) were determined spectrophotometrically using the Folin Ciocalteu method, total monomeric anthocyanins (TA) were determined by the pH-differential method and antioxidant capacity (AC) were determined using the ABTS method. In all investigated pomegranate fruit samples (edible part of fruit) considerable quantities of total phenols and antocyanins were found. The concentrations of TP in the fruit from first harvest date ranged from 168.74 to 321.16 mg GAE/100 g, and in the second harvest date from 100.23 to 479.41 mg GAE/100 g. TA varied from 3.86 to 23.73 mg Cy-3-G/100 g and 8.37 to 21 mg Cy-3-G /100 g, for the first and the second harvest date, respectively. In general, the higher concentrations of TP were determined in the second, while the higher concentrations of TA were mostly determined in the first harvest date. However, significant influences of growing location or harvest date on the concentration of TP and TA were not found. Furthermore, AC of pomegranate fruit varied due to variations in growing locations and harvest date. For the first harvest date, the AC was determined in the range from 63.19 to 181.59 μmolTE/100 g, and for the second harvest period 60.36 to 263.56 μmolTE/100 g. Nevertheless, there were not observed significant influences of the growing locations and harvest dates on AC. Based on regression analysis, linear correlation between the concentration of TP and TA and AC has not been established.

pomegranate fruit; total phenols; anthocyanins; antioxidant capacity

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