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Population and economic evaluation of Karst area in Croatia (CROSBI ID 613780)

Prilog sa skupa u zborniku | sažetak izlaganja sa skupa | međunarodna recenzija

Matas, Mate ; Braičić, Zdenko ; Lončar, Jelena Population and economic evaluation of Karst area in Croatia // International interdisciplinary scientific conference "Sustainability of Karst Environment - Dinaric Karst and other Karst Regions" - Abstract book / Bonacci Ognjen ; Župan, Željko, editor(s). Center for Karst, 2009. Gospić. 2009

Podaci o odgovornosti

Matas, Mate ; Braičić, Zdenko ; Lončar, Jelena

engleski

Population and economic evaluation of Karst area in Croatia

Ater emphasizing different approaches and data on restriction and areas of Croatian Karst area, data on its long term population are given, from Stone Age through Copper age to a Bronze age, then population of Illyrians, Greece and Roman colonization through population of Croats and others Slavic people. It’s also emphasized Turkish incursion from 15th to 17th century, then Venetian, French and Austrian conquests and its big influence on economic and demographic occurrences in Croatian Karst area. In long medieval and earlier period in Croatian Karst area, life was conducted in isolated communities mostly without permanent residence that is in hard conditions of Karst cattle breading, where pastures of high plains had bigger significance, because life there was easier and longer then in ours lower winter resorts. In the other part of this article with subtitle New demographic changes and trends, thanks to the more certain statistic indicators given by official censuses from the year 1857 to the year 2001, more detailed analysis of population progress in Croatia Karst area and its share in total population in Croatia are done. In whole population of Croatia, share of population in Karst areas in the year 1857 was 45, 3 per cent, and then decreased to 34, 7 per cent in the year 2001. Also we made analysis of demographic change and trends of individual landscape complexes (12) which are extract from considerable specialized and scientific paper works and in Croatian spatial-planning documents. Appreciating similarities and differences in social-geographic characteristics and processes and their intensity, landscape complexes are classified in three characteristic belts or zones. Middle zone or littoral belt is made by 5 littoral landscape complexes that is Istria (better said Istrian coastal belt), Kvaner, Zadar- Šibenik plateau, Split-Dubrovnik coastal belt and Lower Neretva. Thanks to different factors (littoralization and globalization, more quality transportation, tourism etc) littoral belt is demographically and economically most vital part of Croatian Karst area. At 2001, 33 administrative cities were in that belt, and 832 176 inhabitants or 80, 7 per cent of the whole people who lived in coastal belt, lived there. Big concentration of the people, towns and inadequate economic activities in rather small area with unstable ecological balance, shows unfortunately, its bad sides which are manifested in burden of some ecological system elements, that is, degradation of landscape and quality of environment in general. Islands (Kvarner islands, Zadar-Šibenik islands and middle Dalmatian islands) and inland Karst areas (inland Istria, Dalmatian zagora, Gorski kotar, Lika, Kordun and Žumberak-samobor area) are making two boundary zones which are as opposed to littoral belt confronted with extinction of population, village degradation and economic slowness. Because of that, in many paper works they are called Karst periphery or passive area. According to the results from the first official census to the year 1961, these areas had larger number of population then littoral belt. Between censuses 1953 and 1961, share of inland Karst areas and islands in total number of Karst population was decreased under 50 per cent and in 2001 at 33 per cent. A kind of turning point makes the year 1931 when these areas record the biggest number of inhabitants, and later in all censuses was recorded decline of population. The least number of inhabitants was recorded by census 2001, when in all inland Karst area and islands lived only 508 199 inhabitants, and that is 76, 6 per cent to the year 1857 or 57, 3 per cent to the year 1931, when in this areas lived the largest number of inhabitants (887 349). These trends are reflection of emigration, principally of working and reproductive best able people, why this area today is threatened by demographic and economic extinction. Remain ; mostly older population does not satisfy conditions of sustainable development i.e. demographic self-renewable and economic stability. It is visible in the changes of landscape in positive (reforestation) and in negative sense (disappearing recognizable rural particularities – caving in housing and economic facilities, fences, supporting walls and cultivating parcels in the form of terraces). Dying population and therefore economy in the hinterland does not suit to the littoral belt too, because on that way it stays demographically disconnect to the hinterland which can result with unfavourable demographical, economical and safety consequences, thereof are witnesses recent examples of Homeland war.

emigration; littoralization; landscape entities; karst

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Podaci o prilogu

2009.

objavljeno

Podaci o matičnoj publikaciji

International interdisciplinary scientific conference "Sustainability of Karst Environment - Dinaric Karst and other Karst Regions" - Abstract book / Bonacci Ognjen ; Župan, Željko, editor(s). Center for Karst, 2009. Gospić

Podaci o skupu

Sustainability of the karst environment-dinaric karst and other karst regions

predavanje

23.09.2009-26.09.2009

Plitvice lakes, Croatia

Povezanost rada

nije evidentirano